Means for teaching reading



R. T. MARINO MEANS FOR TEACHING READING Filed May 23, 1925 El0-F lu .9 8M A5 WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTORNEYS particular tlltllh RAFAEL TQRBESMAB-1N0, 0F BOGGTA, COLOMBIA.

MEANS FOR TEACHING READING.

Application filed May 23, 1825. Serial No. 32,449.

This invention relates to means for to: mg elementary reading.

Ordinarily in nations or names teaching the sounds desigof the letters,there 15110 association of ideas betweenthe signs of theletters and thesounds, designations or names.

respectively, ory is therefore required arbitrary the signs whichrepresent the letters of alphabet. Therefore, contemplates inculcatingthe first letter of the name of the graphic representation of theobjectwhich one is identified versa.

To this end means is to remember and a greatexertion of memthe sounds,designations or names of the the present invention the associatlon of anob ect and by the other, or vice provided which primarily consists ofgraphically or pictorically formed first letter of a name identifying anobjectand formed of tions of the ob ect. evoking answers from graphicrepresenta- Such means is used in a pupil to questions asked inconnection with the graphically formed letter so that the object and thepupils mind. is to be known as sentation of letters.

letter will be associated in the This phase of the invention graphicobjective repre- Another phase or innovation of the invention is tographically representtwo consonant letters in order to associate thedistinct sounds of the two consonant letters in a syllable and someobject.

It is to be understood that the means for carrying out the resultslooked for has a wide range of application. Therefore, the 111- ventionis not shown. in the accompanying drawing, which:

Figure 1 is a face to be restricted to the means view of a chart orplate having thereon a pictorial or graphic formation of one letter ofthe alphabet, namely,

the letter B, which is formed of graphic or pictorial representation ofballs;

Fig. 2 is a view of the obverse face of the chart or plate shown in Fig.1, which shows the letter B printed or manner formed in the usual Fig. 8is a face view of a chart or plate on which is shown pictorial orgraphic formations of a plurality of consonant letters which form a partof a prefix or suiiix syllable of a word, which consonant letters formedof graphic representations flowers, for instance;

are of Fig. a is a view of the obverse face of the chart or plate showninFig. 3, which shows the consonant letters which form a part of asyllable of a prefix of a word, also similar consonant lettersassociated with other letters, respectively, which constitute completesyllables forming a prefix of a word.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, of the drawings, itwill be apparent that the chart 10 on one face thereof, has a graphicformation 11 of .a letter; in the present instance the letter B, thefirst letter of the name ball is. used, and this letter B is formed ofindividual graphic representations of the ball. As shown in Fig. 2, theobverse face of the chart or plate 10 has suitably formed thereon, as byprinting, the letter B, as at 12, substantially similar in outline andappearance to the graphically formed letter 11. In teaching elementaryreading, the teacher presents to the View of a pupil the graphicallyformed letter 11 and then the letter in its ordinary form, as the letter12. If desired, the letter 12 may be printed on aseparate chart or plateso that both the graphically formed letter and the ordinary form ofletter may be presented to view simultaneously. While the letters arebeing exhibited, the teacher pronounces the word Ball and also the soundor designation of the letter B, and the pupil is requested to repeatjust what was said by the teacher. lhis exercise is practiced as manytimes as it may be deemed necessary for the inculcation. After thisexercise, the graphically formed letter 11 is exhibited and an answer isevoked by asking the pupil, What letter is this? This is followed by theexhibition of the letter 12, in which the question is repeated. Duringthese exercises the teacher frequently makes reference or calls to theattention of the pupil the fact that the word Ball begins with theletter B to impress upon the mind of the pupil, the particularassociation which identifies the letter and the name of the object.

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be apparent that the chart 13 onone face thereof, has graphically or pictorially formed, a letter 14 inthe form of F and a letter 15 in the form of 1, each of which letters 11 and 15 is formed of individual graphical representations of flowers,for instance. In this phase of the invention, the

idea is to associate a number of letters with the particular sound toinstruct in the phonetic character of two consonants as distinguishedfrom the component sounds of the two letters taken individually. In Fig.l the chart or plate 13 on the obverse face, has printed thereon in theusual manner, the consonants l6 and 17 corresponding to the letters 1-1and 15, and syllables 18, 19, Q0 and 21, each of which includes theconsonants 1G and 17. In order to teach the pronunciations of associatedconsonants of a word or name identifying a particular object, theexercises as outlined above are carried out.

lVhat is claimed is:

1. Means for teaching reading, which conof a chart or plate haw-*ingdisplayed thereon, a graphic formation ot a letter of the alphabet andformed of a plurality of graphic representations of an object, theletter being; the first letter of a name which identities the particularobjcct.

Means for teaching reading, which consis s of a chart or plate havingdisplayed on one face thereof a pictorial reprtsentation related to aname of an object and a representation of the same character as thefirst mentioned representation distinctly formed.

3. Means for teaching reading, which consists of a chart or plate havingdisplayed thereon graphicformations of letters of the alphabet and eachformed of a plurality of graphic representations of an object, theletters constituting consonants of a syllable of a name which identifiesthe particularv object.

RAFAEL TORRES MARTNO.

